The Project for the New American Century (PNAC) was a think tank established in 1997 that advocated for an aggressive U.S. foreign policy and an increase in military spending. In its 2000 report, "Rebuilding America's Defenses," PNAC wrote that "the process of transformation, even if it brings revolutionary change, is likely to be a long one, absent some catastrophic and catalyzing event—like a new Pearl Harbor."
The 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in 2001 have been referred to as "the new Pearl Harbor" by some, including some members of PNAC, because the attacks provided a catalyst for the implementation of the group's military and foreign policy goals. In the aftermath of the attacks, the Bush Administration, which included several members of PNAC, used the attacks to justify the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq, as well as other measures to increase U.S. military power and assert American influence in the Middle East.
It is important to note that the connection between PNAC and the 9/11 attacks is a matter of much debate and speculation. While some see the events of 9/11 as a fulfillment of PNAC's call for a "new Pearl Harbor," others argue that the attacks were carried out by Al-Qaeda, a foreign terrorist organization, and that they had nothing to do with PNAC's agenda.
Regardless, the 9/11 attacks had a profound impact on U.S. foreign policy and the world, and their aftermath continues to shape American politics and global events to this day.
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